What Is Geothermal Energy (and How Is It Generated)?
Geothermal energy is generated by extracting heat from Earth’s interior and converting it into electricity through steam turbines or binary-cycle systems. The process begins hundreds to thousands of meters below the surface, where naturally occurring heat reservoirs, heated by radioactive decay and residual formation energy, maintain temperatures ranging from 150°C to over 350°C. Wells drilled into these reservoirs bring hot water or steam to the surface, where power plants harness the thermal energy to drive generators.
This renewable baseload technology operates continuously, unlike solar or wind, making it a critical …
